Author: Dr. Randy Brunswick
Brunswick Animal Hospital – Normal, Illinois
November is Cancer in Pets Awareness Month, and it’s the perfect time to raise canine cancer awareness and discuss something that affects nearly half of all dogs over the age of 10. Cancer is the leading cause of death in older dogs, but early detection can make all the difference in treatment outcomes and quality of life. At Brunswick Animal Hospital in Normal, IL, we’re dedicated to helping pet parents recognize the warning signs early and understand the options available for treatment.
Understanding Cancer in Dogs
Cancer occurs when abnormal cells in a dog’s body grow uncontrollably, forming tumors or affecting the blood and lymphatic systems. While the word “cancer” can be frightening, it’s important to know that many dog cancers are treatable, especially when caught early. Some cancers can even be cured with proper veterinary oncology care.
Dogs can develop many of the same types of cancer that affect humans, including lymphoma, mast cell tumors, melanoma, osteosarcoma (bone cancer), and hemangiosarcoma. The risk of developing cancer increases with age, though cancer can affect dogs at any life stage.
Being vigilant about your dog’s health is one of the best things you can do as a pet parent. Watch for these potential dog cancer symptoms and schedule an appointment at Brunswick Animal Hospital in Normal, IL if you notice any of them:
Common Warning Signs of Cancer in Dogs
- Lumps and Bumps: Not all lumps are cancerous, but any new or rapidly changing mass should be examined by your veterinarian at Brunswick Animal Hospital. Mast cell tumors are one of the most common canine cancers.
- Abnormal Swelling: Unexplained swelling or discomfort warrants a veterinary visit.
- Persistent Sores: Wounds that don’t heal properly could indicate skin cancer or other serious conditions.
- Difficulty Eating or Swallowing: Oral tumors or cancers of the throat may cause drooling or reluctance to eat.
- Unexplained Weight Loss: Sudden or gradual weight loss without a change in diet can be a red flag for internal dog cancers.
- Difficulty Breathing: Labored breathing or persistent coughing may signal lung cancer or tumors pressing on the respiratory system.
- Lameness or Limping: Bone cancer (osteosarcoma) often causes intermittent or persistent lameness in large breeds.
- Changes in Bathroom Habits: Blood in urine or stool, straining to urinate or defecate, or frequency changes can signal internal cancers.
- Abnormal Discharge: Any unusual discharge from the mouth, nose, or eyes should be checked.
- Lethargy and Behavioral Changes: A decrease in energy or change in personality can indicate health issues, including cancer.
Breeds at higher risk
While any dog can develop cancer, certain breeds—such as Golden Retrievers, Boxers, German Shepherds, and Bernese Mountain Dogs—face higher risks. Large and giant breeds are more prone to bone cancer, while Bulldogs and Boston Terriers have increased risks for mast cell tumors.
If you own a breed predisposed to cancer, regular veterinary check-ups at Brunswick Animal Hospital are especially important for early detection.
The Importance of Early Detection
Early detection saves lives. Many dog cancers caught early have significantly better treatment outcomes. That’s why we recommend annual wellness exams for younger dogs and biannual exams for seniors (7+ years).
Our veterinarians in Normal, IL are trained to detect subtle changes, perform diagnostic tests, and act quickly when something seems amiss.
What to Expect During a Cancer Diagnosis
If our veterinary team suspects cancer, we will recommend diagnostic testing. Depending on your dog’s symptoms, this may include biopsy, blood work, X-rays, ultrasound, or advanced imaging like CT or MRI.
A definitive diagnosis is essential to determine the best treatment plan. Our team at Brunswick Animal Hospital will explain each step, ensuring you understand your dog’s condition and options.
Treatment Options for Canine Cancer
Modern veterinary cancer care offers many treatment options depending on the type, stage, and location of the cancer, as well as your dog’s overall health. Ask us at Brunswick Animal Hospital which treatment option is best for your dog:
- Surgery is often the first line of treatment for solid tumors, particularly when the cancer is localized and hasn’t spread. Complete surgical removal can be curative for many cancer types.
- Chemotherapy in dogs is generally well-tolerated and works by targeting rapidly dividing cancer cells. Unlike human chemotherapy, veterinary protocols prioritize quality of life, and most dogs maintain their normal activities during treatment.
- Radiation Therapy uses targeted radiation to destroy cancer cells and shrink tumors. It’s particularly useful for cancers that can’t be completely removed surgically or for tumors in sensitive locations.
- Immunotherapy is an emerging field that harnesses the dog’s own immune system to fight cancer. Options include cancer vaccines and monoclonal antibody treatments.
- Palliative Care focuses on maintaining quality of life and managing symptoms when curative treatment isn’t possible or desired. This can include pain management, nutritional support, and medications to improve comfort.
Our goal at Brunswick Animal Hospital in Normal, IL is to provide compassionate, personalized cancer care for every dog we treat.
While not all cancers are preventable, you can take steps to reduce your dog’s risk:
- Spaying and Neutering: Spaying young female dogs dramatically reduces the risk of mammary cancer. Neutering male dogs eliminates the risk of testicular cancer.
- Healthy Weight Management: Obesity has been linked to increased cancer risk in dogs. Maintaining a healthy weight through proper diet and exercise is beneficial.
- Limit Sun Exposure: Dogs with light-colored coats or thin fur are susceptible to skin cancer from UV exposure. Limit midday sun exposure and consider pet-safe sunscreen for vulnerable areas.
- Avoid Carcinogens: Secondhand smoke, lawn chemicals, and other environmental toxins may increase cancer risk. Create a clean, safe environment for your dog.
- Quality Nutrition: A balanced, high-quality diet supports overall health and immune function.
Prevention and Risk Reduction
The Role of Pet Insurance
Cancer treatment can be expensive. Pet insurance helps ensure decisions are based on what’s best for your dog—not financial limits. We recommend enrolling your pet while young and healthy to ensure coverage for cancer treatment.
Hope for the Future
Research into canine oncology continues to advance. Many veterinary cancer centers, including ours, stay current with new treatments and clinical trials that can extend or improve your pet’s life.
Supporting Your Dog Through Cancer
If your dog is diagnosed with cancer, remember you’re not alone. The team at Brunswick Animal Hospital in Normal, IL is here to support you every step of the way. Many dogs maintain an excellent quality of life during and after treatment.
Take Action Today
Commit to being proactive about your dog’s health. Schedule a wellness exam at Brunswick Animal Hospital, perform monthly at-home checks, and trust your instincts when something feels off. Visit our Canine Cancer Awareness Checklist article for more information.
Early detection saves lives—and your vigilance makes the difference.
We Recommend All Animals Be Vaccinated
Vaccines are an important part of protecting your pet against preventable diseases
Lifelong Wellness for Your Senior Companions
Senior pet veterinary care is a specialized area of veterinary medicine that focuses on the unique needs and health concerns of older animals. As pets age, they are more prone to certain health conditions and require additional care to maintain their well-being. At Brunswick Animal Hospital, we take special care of senior pets.